Characterization of Cocrystals: Review

Characterization of Cocrystals: Review

Author Name : Chaitali D Malode, Anand D. Savkare, Sandeep B Khatale, Pranjal S.Thakare, Sushma R. Lokhande

ABSTRACT

Poor solubility, bioavailability, and physical, chemical, and biological properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) have recently been a popular topic among pharmaceutical researchers. Cocrystallization has been known for a long time, but it has recently received a lot of attraction in the pharmaceutical industry as a relatively new technology for improving solubility, bioavailability, stability, thermal characteristics, permeability, tabletability, and other physicochemical features. Cocrystals are multicomponent systems in which two components, an API and a coformer, are present in a stoichiometric ratio and are held together in the crystal lattice through non-covalent interactions. Cocrystallization can dramatically alter the properties of neutralcompounds by introducing a neutral coformer that interacts with the target API in a defined stoichiometric ratio through intermolecular interactions; this approach presents great potential to adjust API solubility.Differences between cocrystals with salts, solvates and hydrates are summarized along with the advantages of cocrystals. Cocrystallization of drug substances offers a tremendous opportunity for the development of new drug products with superior physical and pharmacological properties such assolubility, stability, hygroscopicity, dissolution rates and bioavailability. The present review covers various characterization parameters of cocrystals as Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR), Raman Spectroscopy,Powder X-ray Diffraction(PXRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM),Hot Stage Microscopy(HSM), Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy, Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(SSNMR), Hirshfeld surfaces analysis, Thermal gravimetric analysis, Hansen solubility study, Dissolution study and Stability study.

Keywords: Cocrystals, FTIR, DSC, PXRD.