Effect of Rhizobium on Nodule Formation and Y...

Effect of Rhizobium on Nodule Formation and Yield of Soybean and Groundnut- A Review

Author Name : Manasa Muppa, Gurpreet Singh, Sandeep Menon

ABSTRACT

Rhizobium is a gram-negative bacterium that lives in symbiotic interactions with the root nodules of leguminous plants.Legume plants have a high nitrogen need, which is primarily met through biological nitrogen fixation.It is a significant source of nitrogen for agricultural soils, particularly in arid climates. Rhizobium is a soil bacterium that helps leguminous plants to fix the atmospheric nitrogen. By attaching itself with roots of leguminous plants, it produces nodules. These nodules fix atmospheric by symbiotically nitrogen from the air and convert it to ammonia, which the plant can use to grow. Ammonia is converted to dinitrogen by these nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Ammonia is easily absorbed into organic compounds due to its toxicity.Plants inoculated with rhizobium produced more nodules, nodule weight, shoot, and root biomass than plants that were non- inoculated. in a field experiment done in a variety of agro-climatic situations and soils. Specific Rhizobium strains are required to complete the process and make the nodules functional. With the use of rhizobium, crop yields are boosted. Legume inoculation has been practiced in agriculture for a long time and has improved through time. Furthermore, the impact of rhizobium on soybean and groundnut nodule formation and yield is highlighted in this paper.

KEY WORDS: soybean, ground nut, Rhizobium, root nodules, legumes, plant height, pods weight, yield