Evaluation of Phytochemicals and Antimicrobia...

Evaluation of Phytochemicals and Antimicrobial Activity of Piper Betle Leaf from Three Different Regions of Karnataka

Author Name : Dilshad Begum Golgeri M, M. P. Sandhya, Sahana C., Rhea C. Gonsalves, Soumya V. Menon

ABSTRACT

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and antibacterial activities of three varieties of Piper betle leaf extracts. In the study undertaken, three different extracts (Cold aqueous, ethyl acetate and ethanol) of betel leaves collected from three different regions of Karnataka were tested against three different pathogenic bacterial species namely Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pyogene, and Escherichia coli using agar well diffusion method. Preliminary phytochemical screening was also done to test the presence of bioactive components namely phenolics, tannins, saponins, alkaloids etc. The in-vitro antibacterial assay showed an excellent zone of inhibition against all bacterial species in ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts compared to the aqueous extracts. Considering antimicrobial activities, it was found that all gram positive and negative bacteria were inhibited by all the 3 betel leaf extracts. The antibacterial properties and phytochemical profiling of betel leaves firmly support their application in the development of various products, especially in the food and pharmaceutical industries.  

Keywords: antibacterial activity, betel leaf, phytochemicals, zone of inhibition