Interpretation of Heart Score in Patients wit...

Interpretation of Heart Score in Patients with Chest Pain: A Review

Author Name : Dr. Krishnaprabha C, Bhagya Lekshmi K.S, Jeen Mariya Davis, Aldrin Johnson

ABSTRACT

Chest pain is the term used to describe the discomfort felt between the neck and upper abdomen ^[1]. It is not always connected to an underlying issue. The most frequent factor leading to a patient's admission to the cardiac emergency room is chest discomfort. Some of the potential causes include lifting large weights, anxiety, chest damage, flatulence, and heartburn. Chest pain can occasionally feel crushing or scorching. Sometimes the pain starts in the jaw and moves up the neck before spreading to the back or down one or both limbs ^[2].Heart issues are one probable cause of chest pain, but other possibilities include lung infections, muscular strains, rib injuries, and panic attacks. Some of these are significant ailments that demand medical care ^[3]. For predicting the complications in patients presenting with chest pain, there are numerous tools (TIMI, GRACE, SVEAT, HEART score), These tools use different criteria to stratify individuals. Using patient history, ECG abnormalities, age, risk factors for coronary artery disease, and increased cardiac troponin levels, a group of clinicians realized that they could predict MACE using HEART SCORE and was first developed in the Netherlands in 2008. The term "major adverse cardiac events" (MACE) refers to the aggregate of total mortality; MI; stroke, hospitalization because of HF; and revascularization, including percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary artery bypass graft ^[4]. Each of the five HEART score components awards a score of 0, 1, or 2, adding up to a maximum of 10. Overall data indicate that in people who visited the emergency room complaining of chest pain, If the score is between 0 and 3, the risk of an adverse cardiac event is up to 1.7%; between 4 and 6, the risk is between 12 to 17%; between 7 and 10, the risk of an adverse cardiac event is between 50 and 65%; and between 8 and 10, the doctor may suggest early invasive methods to reduce the risk and improve the patient's condition ^[5]. The HEART score is the only diagnostic prediction system that has been independently verified by several research organizations through clinical impact studies, despite the fact that there are several other diagnostic prediction systems.

KEYWORDS: Cardiovascular diseases, Chest pain, Emergency department ,Heart score, Major Adverse Cardiac Events; MACE