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Pastoral Lives in Motion: Inter-Community and IntraCommunity Relations among the Gujjar and Bakerwa
Author Name : Muzamil Rashid, Abhik Ghosh, Irfan Ali
ABSTRACT This paper explores the intricate inter- and intra-community relations of the Gujjar and Bakerwal pastoralists in Jammu and Kashmir, emphasizing their adaptive strategies in response to ecological uncertainties. As transhumant pastoralists, the Gujjar and Bakerwal engage in seasonal migrations between summer and winter pastures, fostering complex relationships not only within their own community but also with various neighboring groups, including Kashmiris, Dogris, and others. The dynamics of these relationships are significantly influenced by broader socioeconomic and environmental factors, which shape their interactions. Shared nomadic lifestyles, kinship ties, and cultural practices are pivotal in fostering cooperation and support systems among the Gujjar and Bakerwal. These factors contribute to their social cohesion and resilience, enabling them to navigate challenges posed by environmental changes and competition for resources. Through a comprehensive analysis of the social, cultural, and economic dimensions of the Gujjar and Bakerwal pastoralists, this paper illuminates the strategies they employ to sustain their livelihoods amidst adversity. By understanding the interconnectedness of these relationships, we gain valuable insights into the resilience of this transhumant community and the vital role that cooperation plays in their adaptation to a rapidly changing environment.