Quantum Key Distribution Protocols: A Compar...

Quantum Key Distribution Protocols: A Comparative Study of Security and Efficiency

Author Name : Kalla Swathi, Tahera Begum, R. Jaya, Dr. K. Venkata Ramana

ABSTRACT Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) enables the secure sharing of cryptographic keys between two or more parties, leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics to ensure security against eavesdropping. Several protocols have been developed to achieve this, such as the BB84, COW, and E91 protocols, each offering unique approaches to key distribution. These protocols utilize quantum states like photons to encode information, making it theoretically impossible for an interceptor to obtain the key without being detected. In this paper, we explore the underlying mechanisms of these protocols, analyze their strengths and weaknesses, and present a comparative analysis based on factors like security, efficiency, and scalability. This comprehensive study highlights how each protocol performs under different conditions, providing valuable insights into the practical implementation of QKD in real-world applications.