Analysis of Groundwater Scenario in Jhajjar D...

Analysis of Groundwater Scenario in Jhajjar District, Haryana

Author Name : Neelam Kumari

ABSTRACT Groundwater is a crucial water source in India, catering to 80% of rural and 50% of urban domestic needs. However, population growth and overexploitation have led to rapid depletion of water resources. India's daily water demand reaches approximately 165 billion litres, causing 54% of the nation to experience high to extreme water stress, as highlighted by the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB). According to the CGWB, 17% of sites face over-exploitation, 3% are in critical condition, 10% are semi-critical, while 68% are considered safe. Groundwater primarily exists in Quaternary alluvium, with limited permeable zones of fine to medium sand and occasional gravel. Clay formations dominate over sand, affecting groundwater accessibility. The water source is replenished by rainfall, canal seepage, and irrigation return seepage, with an alkaline pH range of 7.44 to 8.60. The shift towards intensive agriculture, industrialization, and lifestyle changes has impacted water quality. Exploratory drilling provides essential insights into aquifer identification, characteristics, and sustainable management practices, guiding well design and drilling techniques. (Total Words -164) Keywords: Alkaline, Borehole, Deterioration, Hydrological and Productive