Traceability and Labelling Mechanism for GM F...

Traceability and Labelling Mechanism for GM Foods in India: Challenges under International Trade Law

Author Name : Devesh Kumar, Dr. Mohd. Amir

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56025/IJARESM.140526117

ABSTRACT

Genetically modified (GM) foods have emerged as one of the most controversial subjects in contemporary international trade law, environmental governance, food security regulation, and consumer protection jurisprudence. The increasing globalization of agricultural trade and rapid advancement in biotechnology have intensified debates surrounding biosafety, consumer autonomy, and the harmonization of international standards concerning genetically modified organisms (GMOs). India, as an agrarian economy and a developing member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), faces complex legal and institutional challenges in regulating the traceability and labelling of GM foods. While biotechnology offers significant opportunities for agricultural productivity and food security, concerns regarding environmental sustainability, public health, biodiversity, and farmers’ rights continue to shape India’s cautious regulatory approach. This research paper critically examines the legal framework governing traceability and labelling mechanisms for GM foods in India and evaluates its compatibility with international trade law obligations.