National Strategies for PFAS Control in Indus...

National Strategies for PFAS Control in Industrial Stormwater and Wastewater: Treatment Technologies, Regulatory Drivers, and Sustainable Management Approaches

Author Name : Santunu Barua

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56025/IJARESM.2023.1112232639

ABSTRACT Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) represent a critical environmental and public health challenge due to their extreme persistence, bioaccumulative potential, and widespread occurrence in industrial stormwater and wastewater systems. This comprehensive literature review synthesizes current knowledge on PFAS control strategies in aqueous environments, examining treatment technologies, regulatory frameworks, and sustainable management approaches. The review identified over 60 peer-reviewed articles published through 2023 addressing PFAS occurrence, treatment, fate, health effects, and regulatory responses. Key findings indicate that conventional wastewater treatment plants are ineffective at removing PFAS, with mean removal efficiencies typically less than 10% for individual compounds. Adsorption using granular activated carbon (GAC) and ion exchange resins emerge as the most established separation technologies, though short-chain PFAS remain challenging to remove.